The Internal Market Programme, which was presented in 1985 and adopted in 1986, is at the core of the European integration process, as highlighted by the recent negotiations over Brexit. This article will examine the first decade of its implementation, and will demonstrate that it was affected by strong neoliberal dynamics emanating from London as well as from European competition policy, but that it remained a compromise between different economic visions of Europe, and not solely a neoliberal one.